Effectiveness of ifdil perceptual light technique in individual counseling for reducing loneliness among institutionalized adolescents: a single-subject research study

  • Anissa Anissa
    Departement of Guidance and Counseling, Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang - West Sumatera - Indonesia
    Indonesia
  • Ifdil Ifdil 
    Universitas Negeri Padang
    Indonesia
  • Nurfarhanah Nurfarhanah
    Departement of Guidance and Counseling, Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang - West Sumatera - Indonesia
    Indonesia
  • Zadrian Ardi
    Departement of Guidance and Counseling, Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang - West Sumatera - Indonesia
    Indonesia

Abstract

Loneliness is a psychological problem that may be experienced by adolescents living in orphanages due to limited emotional closeness and social support. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of individual counseling using the Ifdil Perceptual Light Technique (IPLT) in reducing loneliness among adolescents living in an orphanage. This study employed a Single-Subject Research (SSR) design with an A–B design involving eight adolescents aged 13–18 years from Panti Asuhan Al-Falah Padang. Participants were selected through purposive sampling based on the inclusion criteria of experiencing moderate to high levels of loneliness, not receiving other counseling interventions, and being willing to participate in the study. Loneliness was measured using the UCLA Loneliness Scale Version 3, consisting of 20 items. Content validity was assessed through expert judgment, and the instrument demonstrated a Cronbach's Alpha coefficient of 0.679. Data were analyzed using visual analysis and Percentage of Non-overlapping Data (PND) to evaluate changes between the baseline and intervention phases. The results showed a decrease in loneliness scores among all eight participants following the IPLT intervention. The scores decreased from 66 to 47 in Participant 1, 65 to 45 in Participant 2, 67 to 49 in Participant 3, 66 to 46 in Participant 4, 57 to 36 in Participant 5, 60 to 39 in Participant 6, 58 to 39 in Participant 7, and 57 to 38 in Participant 8. The findings indicate that individual counseling using IPLT was associated with reduced loneliness among adolescents living in orphanages. These results suggest that IPLT may serve as an alternative counseling intervention for reducing loneliness among adolescents in orphanage settings.

Keywords
  • Ifdil Perceptual Light Technique, Individual counseling, Loneliness, Orphanage adolescents, Single-subject research
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